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Based on statistics, hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine diseases. Hypothyroidism is particularly prevalent in the regions situated a great distance from the sea.

Hypothyroidism is a disease caused by short supply of the thyroid hormone to human organs and tissue. This typically occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce the required hormones.

Studies have found that one in ten women over 65 has the signs of the initial phases of this disorder.

Why does it happen?

Some of the cause of hypothyroidism can consist of:

- thyroid disease (trauma, inflammatory developments, hereditary anomalies),
- surgical procedures on the thyroid gland;
- insufficient intake of iodine in the diet;
- pituitary diseases (e.g. hypopituitarism).

What takes place exactly?

The reduction in the quantity of thyroid hormones produces malfunctioning of metabolism, and decline in the work of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, as well as mental and reproductive activity. Symptoms of hypothyroidism progress slowly and imperceptibly, so patients do not visit a specialist for a long time.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of hypothyroidism is performed by an endocrinologist on the grounds of patients’ conditions and the changes to their physical look, as well as the following research information:

- blood analysis for thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) and thyroid-stimulating hormone;
- insufficient content of thyroid hormones in the blood stream, the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone may be high or depleted;
- biochemical blood analysis: hypothyroidism causes an increase in cholesterol amounts, etc.;
- ultrasound may be administered to find out the size and makeup of the thyroid gland;
- certain cases may require scintigraphy of the thyroid gland or fine-needle biopsy.

Treatment

The mainstay of hypothyroidism treatment is the replacement of thyroid hormones. Medications are normally well tolerated and easy to use. As a rule, presciption drugs should be taken every day.

In certain instances, surgical treatment of the thyroid may be required. It most cases it involves a fractional or occasionally complete removal of the thyroid tissue. Surgical treatment is a viable option when the use of medication is too dangerous (for instance during pregnancies).

An endocrinologist selects the necessary dosage based to the seriousness and the length of the disorder, patient’s age and health. In most instances, the treatment is lasts the entire life.

Treatment should be monitored with scheduled visits to an endocrinologist (once a year) to check the amounts of thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormones.

If the cause of the disorder is lack of iodine in the diet, patients are prescribed iodine supplements, and are recommended to consume more seafood.

Following doctor’s advice and the proper administration of drugs can reduce the symptoms of hypothyroidism. If hypothyroidism is left untreated, patient’s condition worsens.

Untreated hypothyroidism in children causes underdeveloped growth, as well as stunted physical and mental development.

Prevention of hypothyroidism includes a varied diet that supplies sufficient amounts of iodine, and appropriate treatment of thyroid diseases.

To learn more about hypothyroidism treatment, visit our site at http://hypothyroidisminwomen.com.